Green Mechanic

Francis turbine is from the reaction turbine class of hydraulic turbine. It is name after its inventor James Francis.  It was the first turbine with the radial flow, water enter the turbine radially and leave axially.  High pressure water entering the turbine strike the blades of turbine and reaction of which blades of turbine rotates. Its recommended to read our article on Kaplan Turbine and Pelton Wheel Turbine to know all about their parts, working and advantages and disadvantages Francis Turbine Parts Pen stock It is a large size pipe which take water from the reservoir and take it to the turbine runner Spiral / scroll casing It is a close end passage with maximum cross section area at the inlet which decrease continuously along the direction of flow and finally zero at the outlet Guide vanes / wicket gates Main function of the guide vanes is to guide the water toward the runner at an angle appropriate for the design Governing mechanism Main function of the governing mechanism

Pelton wheel turbine is from the impulse turbine categories of hydraulic turbine. Pelton turbine was named after its inventor Allan Pelton. There are many other types of impulse turbine but Pelton  turbine is the most efficient from all of them.  Its recommended to read our article on Francis Turbine and Kaplan Turbine to know all about their parts, working and advantages and disadvantages.  Parts of Pelton Wheel Turbine Pen stock Pen stock is a solid pipe which take water from the dam( structure which store water on its one side) and take it to the turbine at very high speed. Spear A spear is provided with in the pen stock and its main function is to increase and decrease the speed of water entering into the turbine. If more water is needed spear move back and allow more to enter into the turbine and if less water is needed spear moves forward to spot excess water from entering in to the turbine. Nozzle Nozzle is provided at end of pen stock and its main function is to

Tidal lagoon is type of tidal power production which is much similar to the tidal barrage, the difference is that tidal lagoon uses a hollow cylindrical structure to create the difference in water water level on opposite sides of wall instead o the the long barrage.  Tidal lagoon structure is just like a huge hollow cylinder with one or more holes from which water enter and leave the cylinder. These holes have a turbine installed at the half thickness of the cylinder and have capability to produce electricity by rotating in both direction.  Working of tidal lagoon Tidal lagoon is install in places in which a water level increase and decrease frequently. When water level increase it start to gather around the walls of the cylinder and as the water level increase potential difference increase on opposite sides of the wall. As water have only few places to enter in the lagoon so it exert all the force at that point.When water start to enter in the lagoon, kinetic energy of

Wind speed On shore wind turbine are design for the moderate wind turbine and offshore wind turbine are design for higher wind speed Limitation of the area Because of the fact the wind turbine can cause damages to human life that’s why there is limitation of are in onshore case but no limitation of are in offshore as there is no human life near by Visual impact Because of their interact with human onshore wind turbine have a bad visual impact but offshore wind turbine have zero visual impact because they are installed far away in the ocean Acoustic noise Both types produce the noise but noise of onshore wind turbine cause problem for the nearby human but noise of offshore wind turbine causes no problem to humans Erosion  Because of the moisture available in the area of the installation onshore wind turbines have very low erosion in them but offshore wind turbine has very high erosion effect on them Capital cost Because of the ease in installation, transp

It is a fact that sea water continuous to flow in two direction one is perpendicular to the shore and one is parallel to the shore. Dynamic tidal power uses the parallel flow to sea water to produce the electricity.  It is most complicate and least sturdy type of tidal power production and it is still in theoretical form no practical work has been done yet. Dynamic tidal power plant is a 30 KM long ‘’T’’ like barrage perpendicular to the shore. The red section shows the high water tide and blue section the low water tide. Working of dynamic tidal power It work just like the tidal barrage the only difference is that the tidal barrage work works with flow perpendicular to the shore and dynamic tidal power works with parallel flow. When the water tide shift the direction after every 12 hour then water start to build up on one side of the wall. When water reached specific height, gates of the barrage is open and water start to flow through the tunnels and m

Tidal steam generator is a type of tidal power plant which uses the kinetic energy of the running stream of water to produce the electricity. They are just like wind turbine in their structure and working, the only difference is the place of their working. Tidal stream generator are much more efficient than the wind turbine because of the fact that water is 800 times more than the wind. Types of turbine in tidal stream generator Horizontal axis tidal stream turbine In this type of tidal stream turbine rotation axis of blades is parallel to the direction of water stream flow. Because all three blades rotate at a time so there rapid rotation and low torque make then ahead all other types of turbine. Vertical axis tidal stream turbine Axis of rotation in this type is perpendicular to the direction of flow of water stream. Their biggest advantages is that they can produce electricity in any direction of stream flow but their disadvantages is that their one blad

A simple centrifugal pump use a single impeller mounted on a shaft to produce a specific head and a specific discharge rate but what if you need n times greater head or discharge rate. This problem can be solved by using the multistage centrifugal pump There are two possible reason why you use multistage centrifugal pump 1. Need high head at constant discharge rate 2. Need more discharge rate at constant head Mounting more than one impeller on a same shaft and closing them in same casing will produce higher head than single impeller pump but the discharge rate will be same as single impeller If you install two pump parallel to each other at same sump then the discharge rate will be increase but head will be same as that of single pump Pump is series In series arrangement of pumps, more that one impellers are mounted on the single shaft of a centrifugal pump and closed under a same casing. This arrangement can increase the head of the pump by keeping the discharge rate

Tidal power harness by the tidal power plant is the power inherent in tides at sea or oceans that is the power of motion of water actuated by tides. Tides are defined as the increase and decrease in water levels due to the motion of water from one place to the other. It is a fact that water level increase and decrease during the high and low tide of sea. Tidal barrage power generation system uses this method to produce the electricity. Components Of Tidal Power Plant The components of  tidal power plant are as follow A barrage A barrage is a small wall built at the entrance of a gulf in order to trap water behind it. It is just like the dam structure. It will gather water by stopping it from going into the gulf when water levels at the sea are high or it will stop water from going into the sea when water level at the sea is low. Turbines Turbines are the components which convert the kinetic energy of water in to the rotational energy of the generator which convert rotational en

There are few facts that every should know about our planet earth 70% of our planet is occupied by water and 30 % by dry land Water never stops its motion We are facing the energy crises  Use of excess amount of fossil fuel cause the global warming Problems we are facing can be solved if we see the fact 1 and 2 that is a huge amount of water that never stops. As we all know that every moving thing have kinetic energy and if we look at the amount of water we have means we have a huge amount of kinetic available every time.  If these resources are used they can easily solve our problems of energy crises and global warming.  Technology which could convert this kinetic energy into electrical energy is called Tidal power Four methods of Tidal Power Energy Production Tidal steam generators Tidal Barrage  Dynamic Tidal Power Tidal Lagoon  Tidal Stream Generator for Tidal Power  Energy Tidal stream generator method is use to extract energy f

According the theories core of our earth is in molten form and volcanic action taking place at different location on the surface of the earth are prove to these theories. There is water and other resources above the core and because of core high temperature water start to boil and get into vapor shape as it has no way to go so it start to gather in place and create huge pressure and this pressure when taken up to the ground, is used by the turbine to move the generator and produce the electricity. Geothermal energy is considered renewable because the heat is continually replaced. The water that is removed is put right back into the ground after its heat is used. Types Of Geothermal Power Plants All geothermal power plants use steam to turn large turbines, which run electrical generators.  There are three basic types of geothermal power plants and they are as follow Direct Dry Steam Direct dry steam is the oldest type of geothermal power plant. In this type of plant