Manufacturing Processes

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Taking about the Manufacturing Operation They are classified into Two basic types
  • Processing operations
  • Assembly operations

1. Processing operations - transform a work material from one state of completion to a more advanced state Operations that change the geometry, properties, or appearance of the starting material

2. Assembly operations - join two or more components in order to create a new entity


Processing Process

Alters a work part's shape, physical properties, or appearance in order to add value to the material

Three categories of processing operations:

1. Shaping operations - alter the geometry of the starting work material

2. Property-enhancing operations – improve physical properties of the material without changing its shape

3. Surface processing operations - performed to

clean, treat, coat, or deposit material onto the exterior surface of the work

Shaping Process

Shaping in manufacturing is done by following four ways

1. Solidification processes - starting material is a heated liquid or semifluid that solidifies to form part geometry. Examples are casting of metals and molding of plastics





2. Particulate processing - starting material is a powder, and the powders are formed into desired geometry and then sintered to harden





3. Deformation processes - starting material is a ductile solid (commonly metal) that is deformed





4. Material removal processes - starting material is a solid (ductile or brittle), from which material is removed so resulting part has desired geometry




Property Enhancing Process


Property-Enhancing Processes is performed to improve mechanical or physical properties of the work material. Part shape is not altered, except unintentionally

Examples: Heat treatment of metals and glasses. Sintering of powdered metals and ceramics

Surface Processing 


1. Cleaning - chemical and mechanical processes to remove dirt, oil, and other contaminants from the surface

2. Surface treatments - mechanical working such as sand blasting, and physical processes like diffusion

3. Coating and thin film deposition - coating exterior surface of the work part.


Several surface processing operations used to fabricate integrated circuits

Assembly Operation


Two or more separate parts are joined to form a new entity


 Assembly operation in manufacturing process is classified as

1. Joining processes – create a permanent joint.
 Examples: welding, brazing, soldering, and adhesive bonding

2. Mechanical assembly –fastening by mechanical methods
Examples: use of screws, bolts, nuts, other threaded fasteners; press fitting, expansion fits

Talha Atta is an automotive expert and one of the finest technical content writers from Pakistan. Talha owns WheelWisely.com and is Chief Editor at AutoGlobes.com. He has covered extremely granular content about structures, manufacturing process, automotive, materials and renewable energy. Connect with him on Upwork or check out more of his work on LinkedIn.

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